What is defined as obtaining reliable information about physical objects through recording and interpreting images?

The correct option is photogrammetry, which refers to the process of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and their environment through recording and interpreting images. This technique involves taking measurements from photographs to derive accurate dimensions, relationships, and spatial positions of various elements within the captured imagery.

In photogrammetry, both two-dimensional images and three-dimensional models can be created, allowing for detailed analysis and documentation of objects. This is particularly useful in fields such as archaeology, architecture, and surveying, where precise measurements are crucial.

The other options represent different concepts but do not encapsulate the specific definition provided in the question. Photography is a broader term related to capturing images but does not inherently include the interpretation and measurement aspect. Forensic imaging is focused primarily on the use of imaging techniques in legal contexts to document scenes or evidence. Artifact analysis generally pertains to the study of historical items to glean insights into cultural practices, without emphasizing the image interpretation to measure physical characteristics as photogrammetry does.