What occurs during direct examination?

During direct examination, the party that has called a witness to testify—commonly the prosecution, or in a civil case, the plaintiff—will ask questions of that witness. The purpose of this examination is to elicit information that supports the party’s case. The questioning party leads the witness through their testimony, allowing the witness to provide their recount of events or insights while ensuring that the information presented is relevant and admissible under the rules of evidence.

In direct examination, the focus is on establishing facts and building a narrative that supports the case being presented. Leading questions, which suggest their own answers, are generally not permitted during this phase, maintaining the integrity of the witness's testimony. This procedure contrasts with cross-examination, where opposing parties challenge and question the credibility and reliability of that testimony. The other options do not accurately represent the structure and purpose of direct examination within a trial process.