Which of the following describes mitigating evidence?

Mitigating evidence refers to information that helps to lessen the perceived severity of a defendant's actions or circumstances. It does not serve to establish innocence or guilt, but rather it provides context that can lead to a more lenient view of the defendant's motives or actions. When it is stated that mitigating evidence reduces a defendant's moral blameworthiness, it implies that such evidence can offer explanations or justifications that soften the public and legal perception of the defendant, potentially influencing sentencing outcomes rather than the verdict itself.

For example, if a defendant committed a crime under significant duress or due to severe mental health issues, this information can serve as mitigating evidence by explaining their behavior in a way that suggests they are less morally culpable. Thus, recognizing and understanding mitigating evidence is crucial in a legal context, particularly during sentencing phases, as it can impact the consequences faced by the defendant.

In contrast, the other types of evidence listed do not perform this function. Strengthening the prosecution's case, negating guilt, or proving guilt beyond a reasonable doubt involves aspects of establishing culpability or innocence, which do not fit the definition of mitigating evidence.